Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Local Providers for Oppositional Defiant Disorder

What ODD is

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a behavioural condition where children and young people show frequent patterns of defiance, anger, or argumentativeness towards authority figures.
These behaviours are persistent and go beyond what is typical for their age.

ODD can impact relationships, learning and emotional wellbeing, but early understanding and structured support can make a major difference.

Related guidance

  • ADHD
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
  • Pathological Demand Avoidance (PDA)
  • Anxiety Disorders
  • SEN Wellbeing

    Signs and behaviours

    A child or young person with ODD may:

    • regularly lose their temper or become easily annoyed

    • argue with adults or refuse to follow instructions

    • deliberately break rules or annoy others

    • blame others for mistakes or misbehaviour

    • show resentment, defiance or a strong need for control

    Check signs of ODD
    Learn how to recognise persistent defiant or oppositional behaviour patterns.

    Causes and contributing factors

    ODD can develop through a mix of biological, emotional and environmental factors, such as:

    • differences in brain development or temperament

    • exposure to inconsistent discipline or high conflict

    • unmet emotional or learning needs (e.g. ADHD, autism, trauma)

    • difficulty regulating emotions or coping with change

    Learn what causes ODD
    Understand how emotional, social and neurological factors interact.

    Getting assessed and diagnosed

    Assessment is usually carried out by:

    • a GP or paediatrician

    • a psychologist, psychiatrist or CAMHS team

    teachers and parents providing behavioural reports

    Diagnosis involves identifying consistent patterns of defiance lasting at least six months and ruling out other conditions such as ADHD or mood disorders.

    Support in education

    Children with ODD often benefit from:

    • predictable routines and clear boundaries

    • calm, consistent communication from adults

    • behaviour plans with achievable goals and positive reinforcement

    • reduced triggers such as sudden changes or public confrontation

    • emotional regulation support or access to a trusted adult

    A structured Behaviour Support Plan or EHCP can formalise strategies for consistency across home and school.

    Behaviour management strategies

    Helpful approaches include:

    • Positive behaviour support (PBS) focused on prevention, not punishment

    • Collaborative problem-solving to build cooperation

    • Emotion coaching and teaching coping strategies

    • Parent and family support programmes (e.g. Triple P, Incredible Years)

    Therapeutic input for underlying emotional needs

    Get support for ODD

    Search for tutors, therapists and behaviour mentors experienced in helping children with oppositional or defiant behaviour.